上覆煤柱影响下工作面应力场分布变化规律

为了研究近距离煤层群下行开采过程中,下煤层工作面受到上覆煤柱影响形成高应力区后,导致顶板垮落、冲击地压、煤壁片帮、瓦斯爆炸等煤矿灾害的发生问题,本文运用FLAC~(3D)软件,分别对厚度为1m、2m、3m、5m的上覆煤柱作用下位煤层开采前及开采过程中顶板应力分布动态变化规律进行数值模拟与分析。研究表明:①在下煤层未开采前,上覆煤柱会使下煤层处于应力集中状态;当煤柱厚度增加时,下煤层顶板支承应力场峰值、应力集中系数和应力集中区域范围逐渐减小,支承应力场峰值始终处于煤柱中心线附近。②随着工作面推进距离的增加,采区前方应力集中区域范围逐渐减小,支承应力场峰值及集中系数先增大后减小;在工作面推进过程中,煤柱厚度越小,工作面前方顶板支承应力峰值、集中系数和集中范围越大,应力集中区域与工作面的距离越小,越应注意防止冒顶、顶板破碎等矿井灾害事故的发生。     

基于突变理论的采空区顶板安全厚度多因素预测模型

确定采空区顶板安全厚度对保证矿山作业安全具有重要意义。本文采用有限差分软件FLAC3D,基于尖点突变理论和强度折减法研究西石门铁矿采空区顶板安全系数与其厚度的函数关系,建立了顶板安全厚度判断方法。在此基础上,通过单因素试验研究了采空区纵深、跨度、高度、顶板粘聚力与抗拉强度对采空区顶板安全厚度的影响,结果表明：纵深、跨度、顶板粘聚力、抗拉强度与顶板安全厚度之间分别呈现线性、非线性正相关、非线性负相关、非线性负相关的变化关系;高度对顶板安全厚度的影响非常小。并建立了综合考虑采空区纵深、跨度、顶板粘聚力与抗拉强度4种因素的采空区顶板安全厚度预测模型,为确定采空区顶板安全厚度提供了一种新的研究方法。模型预测结果与某硫铁矿瞬变电磁勘探结果相吻合,验证了预测模型方法的科学性和有效性。     

寒区海洋经济型抗冰结构预警报管理系统

面向寒区海洋经济型结构冬季作业中的海冰风险,开展预警报监控技术研究工作。基于结构冰激失效分析,明确预警报模式,构建海冰风险物联网监控系统。研发的温深剖面测量技术、冰情要素图像测量技术、结构姿态测量技术等关键技术产品,确保了监测信息的完备性、同步性与监测系统可靠性;研发的冰情要素预测技术,实现了海冰风险信息的实时预警。通过在辽东湾油气平台的应用示范,验证数据的准确性,保障平台设施的冬季安全生产。     

速冻双孢蘑菇

介绍了速冻蘑菇的生产工艺 ,对新采摘的鲜菇及时采用 0 .5‰的焦亚硫酸钠 (Na2 SO2 O5)进行护色 ,在0 .1%、98～ 10 0℃的柠檬酸水溶液中烫煮 4～ 6min ,抑制氧化酶的活性 ,从而达到护色的目的。采用单体快速冻结 ,温度 - 30～ - 35℃ ,时间为 12～ 16min ,在冻结后的蘑菇表面 ,镀一层薄冰衣以防冻品干耗和氧化变色     

铜包钢线导电性物理模型及镀层厚度计算

建立了铜包钢线及镀锡铜包钢线导电特性的物理模型，给出了电镀工艺和引镀机设计中计算铜包钢线及镀锡铜包钢线基本参数的方法，并用一组实验数据进行验算，结果证明理论计算和实验结果具有很好的一致性。     

Mg2+ Selectively Isolates Gellan Gum from Dairy Products

Gellan gum was precipitated from the papain digest of dairy products by 5% MgSO₄. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation and washed with 2.5% MgSO₄ until the washings were negative to the phenol H_aSO₄ test. It was dispersed with hot 50% H₂SO₄ and the amount in the dispersion determined by the H₂SO₄-thiourea-cyste-ine-HCl reagent. Recovery from chocolate milk, yogurt, evaporated milk, ice cream, cream cheese, process cheese spread, flan and blue cheese (no oil) dressing ranged from 76–95%. Prior removal of fat and starch was unnecessary. Carrageenan, xanthan gum, alginate, pectin and other hydrocolloids did not interfere.     

曲轴非圆的恒当量磨削厚度磨削运动模型研究

研究了曲轴连杆颈非圆磨削的运动模型，针对模型的复杂计算，按照恒磨除率的原理，提出了切点沿连杆颈表面匀速移动的简化计算方法，分析了简化模型对当量磨削厚度的影响，给出了简化模型的修正计算公式。仿真结果表明，计算公式有较宽的适应范围，可用于数控插补计算。     

Technical note – effects of seaming conditions on external and internal double‐seam characteristics in round metal cans

Canning is the major packaging technology for fully preserved food products. To obtain safe canned foods with extended shelf‐life, the closed cans have to be hermetic. The consistency and quality of the seaming process are crucial to food safety. This note investigates the effects of different seaming conditions (base‐plate pressure and seaming‐roller pressure) on external (seam thickness, seam height) and internal (body hook length, overlap, lid hook length, seam gap and body hook butting) double‐seam characteristics in round metal cans. External double‐seam characteristics were significantly affected by the seaming‐roller pressure during the final closure of the cans. Generally, there were small effects of base‐plate pressure on the external double‐seam characteristics. In contrast, all the investigated double‐seam characteristics were affected significantly by the seaming‐roller pressure, whereas only body hook length and seam gap were significantly affected by the base‐plate pressure. This note illustrates the importance of close control and optimization of the seaming conditions during production of canned foods as a means to reduce the processing induced variability in double‐seam characteristics, and subsequently to obtain safe and high‐quality canned products. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

JZ20-2NW平台抗冰性能的有限元分析

通过有限元软件LS-DYNA模拟了海冰与JZ20-2NW北高平台相互作用的动态断裂过程。模拟得到的海冰裂纹扩展情况与现场观测一致。基于数值结果可以确定海冰断裂长度,并获得了呈三角形脉冲形式的冰力时程曲线。模拟得到的动冰力峰值与Hirayama-Obara公式计算的静冰力结果相符。同时可以获得平台振动的位移和加速度的模拟结果。     

大厚度含水层分段取水设计及试验成果分析——以乌市某水源地为例

本文通过大厚度含水层分段取水实践及各种干扰抽水试验成果分析,为大厚度含水层分段取水井距、垂向间距等的确定提供了经验和有效的试验资料。